Feline Infectious Enteritis Virus, also known as feline panleukopenia virus or simply feline parvovirus, is a highly contagious viral disease that primarily affects cats. It belongs to the Parvoviridae family and Parvovirus genus. The virus specifically targets rapidly dividing cells, which makes it particularly destructive to cells of the gastrointestinal tract, bone marrow, and lymphoid tissues.
Feline Infectious Enteritis Virus is usually spread through direct contact with infected bodily fluids, such as feces, urine, saliva, or nasal secretions. It can also be transmitted indirectly through contaminated objects or environments. Kittens and unvaccinated cats are especially vulnerable to the virus.
Symptoms of Feline Infectious Enteritis Virus include severe diarrhea, vomiting, loss of appetite, lethargy, dehydration, and a drop in white blood cell count (hence the term 'panleukopenia'). In severe cases, the disease can lead to severe intestinal damage, severe depression of the immune system, and in some cases, death.
Prevention of Feline Infectious Enteritis Virus primarily relies on vaccination. Vaccines against the virus are widely available and highly effective in providing long-term protection. Other preventive measures include maintaining good sanitation practices, isolating infected cats, and avoiding contact with unknown or unvaccinated felines.
Early diagnosis, supportive care, and prompt treatment are crucial in managing Feline Infectious Enteritis Virus cases. Treatment typically involves fluid therapy, nutritional support, and antibiotics to prevent secondary bacterial infections.
