Polyarthritis chronica villosa, also known as PVNS (Pigmented Villonodular Synovitis), is a rare, chronic inflammatory condition that primarily affects the joints. Polyarthritis refers to inflammation in multiple joints, while chronica indicates a long-lasting and persistent nature of the condition. Villosa is derived from the Latin word "villosus," meaning shaggy or hairy, which describes the appearance of the synovial lining affected by this condition.
PVNS is characterized by the abnormal growth of tissue in the synovial lining, which surrounds and protects the joints. This excessive tissue growth forms nodules or masses, commonly referred to as synovial villi, within the joint space. These villi can be seen as abnormal, shaggy formations during an examination.
Symptoms of polyarthritis chronica villosa can include joint pain, swelling, stiffness, and reduced range of motion. The condition can affect any joint in the body, but most commonly affects the knees, hips, ankles, and shoulders. Left untreated, PVNS can lead to joint damage, cartilage degradation, and even bone erosion.
The exact cause of polyarthritis chronica villosa is unknown, but it is believed to be related to an abnormal response of the immune system. It is not usually associated with infections or systemic diseases. Diagnosis often involves imaging techniques such as X-rays, MRI, or arthroscopy, where a small camera is inserted into the joint to visualize the abnormal tissue growth.
Treatment for PVNS typically involves a combination of surgical removal of the abnormal tissue, known as synovectomy, and rehabilitation exercises to improve joint function. In some cases, additional treatments such as radiation therapy or drug therapy may be recommended to prevent recurrence or
