PUUMALA VIRUS Meaning and
Definition
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Puumala virus is a mammarenavirus that belongs to the Hantavirus genus within the family Arenaviridae. It is primarily transmitted to humans by infected bank voles (Myodes glareolus), a common rodent species found in Europe and parts of Asia. Puumala virus is the causative agent of a zoonotic disease called nephropathia epidemica (NE), which is characterized by mild to moderate hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS).
The virus is mainly spread through inhalation of aerosolized particles of urine, droppings, or saliva from infected voles. Humans can also contract the virus through direct contact with contaminated materials or by consuming food or water contaminated with the virus. The majority of Puumala virus infections occur during the spring and summer months when rodent populations peak.
Once the virus enters the human body, it primarily targets the endothelial cells in the small blood vessels, particularly those in the kidneys. Symptoms of Puumala virus infection include fever, headache, muscle pain, abdominal pain, nausea, and blurred vision. In severe cases, kidney dysfunction and hemorrhage may occur.
Diagnosis of Puumala virus infection is usually confirmed through serological tests that detect specific antibodies developed by the immune system in response to the virus. Treatment is predominantly supportive, focusing on hydration, pain relief, and monitoring organ function. Most individuals infected with Puumala virus recover fully without long-term complications.
Prevention of Puumala virus infection involves avoiding contact with rodents, maintaining a clean environment, and practicing good hygiene, particularly when in areas where infected rodents are prevalent. Vaccines for Puumala virus are not currently available.
Common Misspellings for PUUMALA VIRUS
- ouumala virus
- luumala virus
- -uumala virus
- 0uumala virus
- pyumala virus
- phumala virus
- pjumala virus
- piumala virus
- p8umala virus
- p7umala virus
- puymala virus
- puhmala virus
- pujmala virus
- puimala virus
- pu8mala virus
- pu7mala virus
- puunala virus
- puukala virus
- puujala virus
- puumzla virus
Etymology of PUUMALA VIRUS
The word "Puumala Virus" is derived from the name of the place where it was first identified. The virus was discovered in 1981 in the municipality of Puumala, located in the eastern part of Finland. It is named after this region as it was the site of the first recognized outbreak of the disease caused by the virus.
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