SYLVIAN FISSURE Meaning and
Definition
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The Sylvian Fissure, also known as the lateral sulcus or lateral fissure, is a prominent anatomical feature of the human brain. It is named after Franciscus Sylvius, a 17th-century Dutch physician who first described it. The Sylvian Fissure is a deep, cleft-like groove that separates the frontal lobe and the parietal lobe from the temporal lobe.
Anatomically, the Sylvian Fissure is located on the lateral or side surface of the brain, extending obliquely from the Sylvian point, where it originates near the midline, to the lateral sulcus termination, where it ends towards the lower and lateral parts of the brain. Its formation occurs during the early development of the brain as the result of differential growth rates between the different lobes.
Notably, the Sylvian Fissure marks the boundary between the frontal and parietal lobes in the upper part of the brain, and between the temporal lobe below. This fissure plays a crucial role in the segregation and organization of various brain functions. Its position and depth make it an essential landmark for neurosurgical procedures, as it provides access to important structures located deep within the brain, such as the insula.
In addition to serving as a critical landmark, the Sylvian Fissure is involved in several cognitive functions including language processing, auditory perception, and attention. Lesions or abnormalities in this region have been associated with various neurological disorders and conditions, such as stroke, epilepsy, and language impairments. Understanding the anatomy and function of the Sylvian Fissure is fundamental to comprehending brain organization and the disorders that can affect it.
Common Misspellings for SYLVIAN FISSURE
- aylvian fissure
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Etymology of SYLVIAN FISSURE
The word "Sylvian Fissure" takes its name from the French anatomist and surgeon Gabriel Valentin, who discovered the fissure in the 19th century. He named it after Franciscus Sylvius, the Latinized name of Dutch physician and anatomist Francois de la Boe, who lived in the 17th century. Due to his groundbreaking contributions to neuroanatomy, Sylvius was honored by having various brain structures named after him, including the Sylvian Fissure.
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