VIRUS LATENCIES Meaning and
Definition
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Virus latencies refer to a phenomenon observed in virology where certain viruses can remain dormant, or hidden, within an infected host for extended periods of time without causing any active, noticeable symptoms. These viruses are capable of establishing a latent infection within the cells of the host's body, remaining in a state of temporary or prolonged inactivity.
During latency, the viral genetic material is integrated into the host's DNA, becoming a part of the host's genome. The virus enters a dormant phase, where it is not actively replicating or producing new viral particles. The host's immune system generally does not detect the presence of latent viruses, as they are not actively infecting cells.
However, under certain circumstances such as immunosuppression or stress, the latent virus may reactivate, leading to viral replication and the onset of clinical symptoms or disease. This reactivation can be triggered by various factors, including changes in the host's immune response, exposure to certain drugs, or environmental factors.
Examples of viruses known to exhibit latency include herpesviruses such as herpes simplex virus (HSV) and varicella-zoster virus (VZV), which are responsible for cold sores and chickenpox, respectively. The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) that causes AIDS can also establish a latent infection in certain cells of the immune system.
Understanding virus latencies is crucial in virology and medicine as it provides insights into the persistence and reactivation of viral infections. It also highlights the importance of developing therapeutic strategies that can target and eliminate latent viral reservoirs within the host's body for effective treatment or prevention of viral diseases.
Common Misspellings for VIRUS LATENCIES
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Etymology of VIRUS LATENCIES
The word "virus" comes from the Latin word "virus" meaning "poison" or "slimy liquid". It originally referred to a venomous substance produced by a living organism. The term "latency" comes from the Latin word "latentia" meaning "concealed" or "hidden". In the context of viruses, latency refers to the period in which a virus remains dormant or hidden within a host, without causing any symptoms or disease. Therefore, "virus latencies" refers to the hidden or dormant periods of viruses within their host organisms.
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